All of
these examples were ultimately achieved by military conquests and are closely associated with
legendary founders (who were also conquerors). The initial Indian unification was carried on by
the Maurya, under Chandragupta, and later continued by his decedents, most famously Ashoka who,
after the bloody conquest of Kalinga, converted to Buddhism and eschewed violence altogether.
You can observe similar military figures in the history of Chinese unification under Qin Shi
Huang, who arose after the dissolution of the Zhou Dynasty into a warring states period,
forcefully overcame all of his rivals, and unified China in the Qin Dynasty.
Finally, in Southeast Asia and the Middle East, you have the example of Cyrus the
Great, legendary founder of the Persian Empire. The stories of expansion and unification are
closely tied with military campaigns, often carried out by a dominant warrior king who stands in
the center of that story.
You can look at these examples through the
contexts of the...
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