Ais a work of
literature which uses humor,and exaggeration to criticize people, places or events. As such,
is 's attempt at satirizing the Russian Revolution of 1917 in which the
Bolsheviks came to power and the totalitarian rule of Joseph Stalin which began in 1924. This is
made clear from Chapter Two when the idealistic animals, who represent the Bolsheviks, overthrow
their human master, Mr. Jones, and take control of the farm for themselves.
Over time, one of the pigs, , rises to become the leading figure on the farm. Like
Joseph Stalin, Napoleon is single-minded, ambitious and prepared to use violence to achieve his
aims. Napoleon's conflict within Chapter Five, for example, mirrors the conflict between Joseph
Stalin and another Bolshevik leader, Leon Trotsky, which resulted in the latter's expulsion from
the Soviet Union.
By writing Animal Farm as a satire,
Orwell makes clear his views on the events in Russia and on the leadership of Joseph Stalin.
Specifically, he argues that Stalinism did not improve the lives of the people of Russia, just
like it did not improve the lives of the animals on the farm. In fact, Napoleon was even more
cruel than Mr. Jones, just as Stalin was far worse than any of his political
predecessors.
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