How is Joe McCarthy related to the play The Crucible?

When we
read its important to know about Senator Joseph McCarthy. Even though he
is not a character in the play, his role in history is important to Millers story. McCarthy was
an American Senator from 1947 to 1957, during the Cold War and subsequent Red Scare. His work
stirring up fear of communism in America eventually became known as McCarthyism.

He worked to protect America from communism by identifying possible communists and
sympathizers; however, he often relied on dubious methods of identification. His work with the
House Committee on Un-American Activities targeted anyone who was deemed different than societys
normal expectations. Once called to testify in front of the committee, defendants could often
escape harsher punishments by turning over names of people who they knew to be communist.
Allegations and finger-pointing quickly turned into a modern-day witch-hunt as friends,
neighbors, and families turned on one another to escape punishment.

These
actions parallel the witch-hunt in The Crucible. We see accused witches
brought to court; if the confess to witchcraft, they are given a lighter sentence and then set
free. Once they confess, they are encouraged to name other guilty people. In act 2, Mary Warren
explains to the Proctors that Goody Osburn will hang because she refuses to confess, but that
Sarah Goode, who has confessed, will live. He sentenced her. He must. But not Sarah Good. For
Sarah Good confessed, ysee.

At the end of act 1, it is not enough that Tituba
confesses to witchcraft; she must also name other guilty people. Of course, since Tituba isnt a
witch, neither are the other women she names. In fact, it is not until Reverends Hale and Parris
continue to push her and suggest possible names that she finally agrees that she saw Sarah Goode
and Goody Osburn with the devil.

John Proctor is also charged with
witchcraft after he goes to court to tell the truth. He knows that the town isnt really being
afflicted by witches. Abigail, his former servant, tells him in act 1 that the girls were
playing in the forest and got scared. These two have a troubling past as we learn that they had
an affair before the start of the play. John is hanged for witchcraft at the end of the play
when he rips up his false confession and chooses to protect the honor of his name by not
lying.

What do you prefer and why, home study or sending kids to school? home study vs. sending to school

I
teach at a hybrid school: independent study Monday, Wednesday, Thursday; classroom activity
Tuesday, Friday. It is a nice compromise between private and home education. My own children,
however, attend a public school because the district we live in has some exceptional academic
and music programs that a small school (or home school) just couldn't match.

Home schooling requires tremendous discipline for both student and parent. I remind my
students that their parents ARE teachers. I also encourage both parents and students to set a
schedule for the independent study days. Traditional classroom students know where they will be
at any given time of the school day. It's too easy to think "I have all day" when at
home--which ultimately leads to cramming two days work into 2 hours. However, if a student can
master time management at 14,15, or 16, their prospects for success in the long term are
good.

If both parent and student are committed to getting the best out of
independent studies by working diligently, then the education can be superb. Home school,
however, is not for every family. There is certainly room in our education system for all
educational strategies.

In The Stranger, when Meursault 'laid himself open for the first time to the benign indifference of the world,' what exactly is the 'indifference of...

One of the key
elements of this novel is the absurdist philosophy that Meursault embraces. He finds
increasingly that life has no sense of meaning or purpose and that the world is profoundly
indifferent to human beings that do their best to live their lives and try and persuade
themselves that there is some kind of order or benevolent god-like figure who takes care of them
and protects them. The quote...

What is line uniformity and line works?

Poetic lines
that are uniform would be the
same in key ways. The most important way for them to be uniform is

rhythm/structure. For example, all lines in a sonnet will be iambic
pentameter
(five...

href="http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/what-makes-poetry-exploring-88.html">http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-...

What effect does a stakeholder orientation have on business ethics and social responsibility?

In general,
any firm that truly pursues a stakeholder orientation will be much more likely to act ethically
and it will be more likely to act in ways consistent with the idea of corporate social
responsibility. 

A stakeholder orientation exists in a firm when the firm
cares about all of its stakeholders.  It does not just care about its owners and stockholders. 
Instead, it cares about everyone from its customers to its employees to its suppliers.  It even
cares about the community in which it operates.

Such a firm will be much more
likely to act ethically and responsibly.  For example, let us imagine that a firm could increase
profits by cutting benefits to its employees.  This would not be consistent with corporate
social responsibility.  If a firm truly practices a stakeholder orientation, it will be less
likely to take this step.  Instead, it will treat its employees as if they are important.  It
will balance their needs against the need of ownership to make a higher profit.  The needs of
the workers will be just as important rather than being something that is considered to be a
mere afterthought.

Thus, a stakeholder orientation is more likely to lead to
ethical behavior and to a concern for corporate social responsibility.

Why is Winston's betrayal of Julia such a key point in 1984?

Whenis caught by the
government, he is told that there are three stages to his "reintegration": learning,
understanding, and acceptance.  Winston doesn't betrayuntil the last stage and when he yells for
the torturers to, "Do it to Julia! Not me!", he has capitulated and accepted Big
Brother.  The acceptance of Big Brother is essential to the government because it means that
Winston no longer has free will; he is nothing more than a pawn of the government.  Winston had
thought he was strong and that he loved Julia.  The government does not want any of the people
to love anyone more than they love Big Brother and the government because that means that the
individual might favor the one loved over the government. By betraying Julia, Winston shows that
he loves the government, and Big Brother, more than anyone else.

How does Mr. Underwood react to Tom Robinson's death?

In
,mentions that the death of Tom Robinson was
relatively insignificant throughout the town of
Maycomb. Many of the white
citizens felt that it was "typical" of Tom Robinson to try
to escape without
a plan. However, Mr. Underwood was bitter about the entire ordeal. As was

mentioned in the previous post, Mr. Underwood voiced his opinion in the editorial
section of his
paper The Maycomb Tribune. He felt that
it was simply a sin to kill
cripples, and likened Tom's death to the
senseless slaughter of songbirds. Mr. Underwood
understood that Tom was an
innocent man who was wrongly convicted and was disgusted by the fact
that Tom
was gunned down by prison guards. His comparison to the "senseless slaughter
of
songbirds" is significant because throughout the novel mockingbirds
represent innocent
individuals like Tom Robinson. This quote also alludes to
's rule that it is a sin to kill a
mockingbird, which essentially means it is
wrong to hurt innocent beings. 

What are some examples of direct and indirect characterizations of George and Lennie in Of Mice and Men? John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men

Most authors
use indirect
which includes

• physical
  descriptions

"The first man was
smalland quick, dark of face, with restless eyes and
sharp, strong features. 
Every part of him was defined:  small, strong hands, slender arms, a
thin and
bony nose.  Behind him walked his opposite, a huge man, shapeless of face, with
large,
pale eyes, with wide, sloping shoulders; and he walked heavily,
dragging his feet a little, the
way a bear drags his paws.  His arms did not
swing at his sides, but hung
loosely."

• characters'
  
  actions

His huge companion dropped his
blankets
and flung himself down and drank from the surface of the green pool;
drank with long gulps,
snorting into the water like a horse.  The small man
stepped nervously beside him.

• characters' thoughts, feelings, and
  
  speeches

"'Guys like us, that work
on
ranches, are the loneliest guys n the world.  They got no family.  They
don't belong no
place....With us, it ain't like that. We got a future."
[]

"For the
first timebecame conscious of the outside. He
crounched down in the hay and listened.  'I done a
real bad thing,' he said.
'I shouldn't had did that.  George'll be mad. An'...he said...an'hide
in the
brush till he come....'"

• the
  comments
  and reactions of other characters

"Crooks
interrupted brutally. 'You guys is just kiddin'
yourself.  You'll talk about it a hell of a lot,
but you son't get no land. 
You'll be a swamper here till they take you out in a box.  Hell, I
seen too
many guys.  Lennie here'll quit an' be on the road in two, three, weeks.  Seems
like
ever' guy got land in his head.'"

• occurs with statements by the author,
  giving
  his/her opinion of the character(s). [e.g. Steinbeck writes that Slim
  has "God-like
  eyes."]

Steinbeck writes that
Lennie drags his feet the way
"a bear drags his
paws."

What is the name of Oedipus's foster father in Oedipus Rex?

In
episode 3 of 's , an oldarrives from Corinth to tellthat King Polybus is
dead, and that Oedipus is called back to Corinth to be King.

Oedipus is both
happy and grieved to learn that Polybus is dead. He's grieved because he believes that Polybus
is his father, and he mourns his father's death.

Oedipus is also happy and
relieved to learn that Polybus died of natural causes because Oedipus has escaped the fate that
the Oracle had prophesied for him: that he would kill his own father.

However, Oedipus is still anxious about returning to Corinth. His mother, Merope, the
wife of Polybus, is still alive, and the Oracle also prophesied that Oedipus would marry his
mother.

Hoping to allay Oedipus's fears, the Messenger reveals to Oedipus
that he is not the son of Polybus and Merope, but that he himself gave Oedipus to Polybus and
Merope as a baby.

The Messenger tells Oedipus that long ago he was a shepherd
tending his flock in the mountains when another shepherd who worked for Laius, the former King
of Thebes, gave Oedipus to him to care for him.

Oedipus's wife, , advises
Oedipus to leave the matter alone and not inquire further about it, but Oedipus sends for the
other shepherd to hear his story.

In episode 4, the oldis brought to Oedipus,
and he reluctantly tells the story of how he was commanded by King Laius's wife to take Oedipus
into the mountains to let him die there in order to avoid the Oracle's prophesy.

But the Herdsman took pity on Oedipus, and instead of leaving him in the mountains to
die, he gave Oedipus to another shepherd (now the messenger) to raise.

The
messenger took the baby back to Corinth, where he was adopted and raised by Polybus, his foster
father, and Merope, his foster mother.

What role did the issue of slavery play in the Constitutional Convention? (America - Past and Present Vol. 1: To 1877)

The
Constitutional Convention of 1787 was a pivotal time period in the history of the newly evolving
United States of America. Slaves and slavery were an important consideration, especially in
considering the population of any particular state. href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-Fifths_Compromise">The Three Fifths
Compromise became the accepted way of allocating seats in the House of
Representatives, whereby the number of free persons was added to three fifths of the total of
slaves within a district in determining allocation. This gave people in these areas more power
because slaves could not vote and yet seats had been allocated to cover their numbers. The three
Fifths Compromise allowed for an unbalanced participation from the slave states and influenced
the build up to the Civil War although this contentious issue and its effects have been argued
through the course of history. Akhil Reed Amar, in his book America's Constitution: A
Biography states that "the Constitution did more to feed the serpent than to
crush it.

The issue of slavery was not adequately resolved during the
convention and it was to be voted on twenty years hence. It seemed that, at the time, unity and
economic stability were more important. This effectively perpetuated slavery and even included a
clause demanding the return of escaped slaves in the southern states. The slavery issue in the
Constitutional Convention thus maintained a precarious balance of power but at great
cost. 

What is Perry Smith's sister's name?

In a letter that Perry
Smith's father writes to get him released from the Kansas State Penitentiary, he describes
Perry's only remaining relative (besides himself) as a sister called Bobo, who lives with her
husband. "Bobo" is a nickname for Barbara, also known as Mrs. Frederic Johnson. Perry
also finds a letter that she wrote to him in which she tells him about her children and then
writes that Perry's wrongdoings are not their dad's fault. She says, "What you have done,
whether right or wrong, is your own doing." She believes that Perry is intelligent but that
he must accept responsibility for his life and not blame their father for what has happened to
him. Perry tells Dick that he "loathes" his sister and even wishes that she had been
in the Clutter house so that he might have killed her. Perry Smith has lost contact with her
sister at the time of the Clutter murders. She lives in a middle-class home in San Francisco,
and she tells the detective not to tell Perry where she lives, as she's afraid of him. Perry and
Dick told the police that they were with Perry's sister in Fort Scott on the night of the
murders as an alibi, but Perry's sister does not live in Fort Scott.  

Why is Augustus Caesar considered the greatest of the Roman emperors?

Augustus
Caesar is often considered to be the greatest of the Roman emperors because he improved the
circumstances of the empire to such a great degree.  When Augustus took power, the Roman
Republic was falling apart.  There had been a great deal of strife for quite some time. 
Augustus then proceeded to quell the strife and to create the Pax Romana. 

One of Augustuss major accomplishments was to end the strife that had torn Rome apart.  There
had been civil wars rather frequently in the time leading up to Augustuss rise to power.  Among
these was the war that...

What happens in Canto XI of Dante's Inferno?

XI

Dante and Virgil have traveled past the burning tombs of Frederick II and
the Ghibelline Cardinal. The stench emanating from the forever flaming bodies is horrendous.
Dante and Virgil duck under the cover of one of the stones, trying to take cleaner breaths.
Dante sees that the inscription on the tomb reads:

Pope
Anastasius I hold,

Whom out of the right way Photinus drew."

These two men are, in Dantes estimation, the worst of the
arch-Heretics. Phonitus was a Deacon in the Church of Constantinople (the Greek Orthodox
Church).Phonitus believed, and led Pope Anastasius to believe, that Christs birth was not
miraculous at all; rather, he argued,Jesus was the product of natural human sexual relations.
Additionally, Phonitus tricked the pope into giving him communion, an act strictly forbidden for
those outside the Roman Catholic faith.

Virgil tarries, and Dante urges his
guide to move on; but Virgil wants to prepare his charge for the horrors that are to come. The
next circle will house the Violent. Inside the large seventh circle are three sub-circles. The
largest outer ring is reserved for conducted violence against people or property. These
murderers and bandits are submerged in a river of blood:

A
death by violence, and painful wounds,

Are to our neighbour given; and in his
substance

Ruin, and arson, and injurious levies;

Whence
homicides, and he who smites unjustly,

Marauders, and freebooters, the first
round

Tormenteth all in companies diverse."

The next inner circle imprisons those who have committed violence
against themselves: the suicides and the squanderers:

"Man may lay violent hands upon himself

And his own goods; and
therefore in the second

Round must perforce without avail repent

Whoever of your world deprives himself,

Who games, and dissipates
his property,

And weepeth there, where he should jocund be."

The final circle is exclusively for the tormenting of those who had
committed crimes against God or nature. These sinners were, in life, the blasphemers, the
sodomites, and the usurers. These shades exist on a plain of sand, which eternally erupts
underneath them in excruciating flames:

"Violence can
be done the Deity,

In heart denying and blaspheming Him,

And by disdaining Nature and her bounty.

And for this reason doth
the smallest round

Seal with its signet Sodom and Cahors,

And who, disdaining God, speaks from the heart.

Fraud, wherewithal
is every conscience stung,

A man may practise upon him who trusts,

And him who doth no confidence imburse.

This latter mode, it would
appear, dissevers

Only the bond of love which Nature makes;

Wherefore within the second circle nestle

Hypocrisy, flattery, and
who deals in magic,

Falsification, theft, and simony,

Panders, and barrators, and the like filth.

By the other mode,
forgotten is that love

Which Nature makes, and what is after added,

From which there is a special faith engendered.

Hence in the
smallest circle, where the point is

Of the Universe, upon which Dis is
seated,

Whoe'er betrays for ever is consumed."

In these verses, Dante is alluding to the biblical story of Sodom
and Gomorrah, a city so morally evil that it was destroyed by God (Genesis 19:24-5). Cahors was
a city in France, infamous for its usury. Usury is the charging of interest on money lent. It is
a sin because Adams punishment was to live by the sweat of his brow (Genesis 3:19). Since
there is no labor involved in collecting interest, medieval Catholics consider the practice
sinful.

Virgil then tells Dante that when they get to the Eighth Circle, he
will see those who are guilty of fraud, a sin almost every human commits. These sinners include
those who had been practicers of

Hypocrisy, flattery,
and who deals in magic,

Falsification, theft, and simony,

Panders, and barrators, and the like filth.

By the other mode,
forgotten is that love

Which Nature makes, and what is after added,

From which there is a special faith engendered.

Hence in the
smallest circle, where the point is

Of the Universe, upon which Dis is
seated,

Whoe'er betrays for ever is consumed."

(Note: Simony is the practice of selling spiritual
items.Barrators are those who continually file frivolous lawsuits.)

Dante
understand the crimes of the condemned, but he asks Virgil why these souls are punished so much
more harshly than those of the upper Hell. The elder poet reminds Dante of Aristotle work,
Ethics and how sin is divided:"incontinence, malice, and insane bestiality.(Note:
incontinence means a lack of self control, particularly sexual, but also gluttony, wrath, and
sullenness; malice means the fraud previously described; insane beastiality refers to all
the acts of violence also discussed previously.)

Of these three, incontinence
is the least serious although, of course, it still merits punishment. All of these sinners pay
their eternal debt in upper hell.The remainder, the most serious, offenses, are housed
below.

Dante understands everything except for the harsh judgment against
usury. Virgil explains that the man who thwarts honest work not only cheats his customer, but
shows his disdain in real work:

the usurer takes another
way,

Nature herself and in her follower

Disdains he, for
elsewhere he puts his hope.

Time is passing. Virgil
notices the changing constellations and tells Dante they must leave the tortured souls of Circle
Six behind them.

What was the major impact of Alexander the Great on Western Civilization?

Alexander
III of Macedon (356 BC €“323 BC),
usually called Alexander the Great, was the son of Phillip II
of Macedon and
succeeded his father on the Macedonian throne in 336 BC after eliminating
rival
claimants to the throne.

King Philip, with the help
of his son Alexander who
was a precociously skilled military commander,
expanded Macedonia from a small barbarian kingdom
to the north of Greece by
conquest. Greece had consisted of many warring city states and Philip

presented himself not just as a conqueror but also a savior and unifier of Greece and
a
legitimate Hellenic king. Alexander was...

What was Charon's reaction to Dante's attempt to cross the river of Acheron in Inferno?

When Dante
attempts to cross the river into the Underworld, Charon, the boat driver, tries to prevent him
from going. He is angered that a living soul would attempt to enter the Underworld and see Hell
and so tries to stop him. Charon is tasked with...

According to James Baldwin, what is the importance of not being silent in the fight for civil rights?

is a key
figure of the civil rights movement in America. Though he identified with being a novelist early
on in his career, his essays on racial discrimination in the 1950s and 60s are what propelled
him into his significant place in literature. His most important contributions were his essay
collections (1955), Nobody Knows my Name (1961), and
(1963). These were historically pivotal, as they came out during the most
intense demonstrations of the civil rights movement. He gave voice to many black people,
particularly those living in the South, who were constantly living in fear of deeply entrenched
racial violence across America, especially with civil rights workers falling victim to
brutality, some of which even led to their deaths.

His voice is among the
many who sought to break the silence surrounding such grave injustices. He wrote in a preface to
his play, "" (1964):

What is ghastly and really
almost hopeless in our racial situation now is that the crimes we have committed are so great
and so unspeakable that the acceptance of this knowledge would lead, literally, to madness. The
human being, then, in order to protect himself, closes his eyes, compulsively repeats his
crimes, and enters a spiritual darkness which no one can describe.

What James Baldwin means by this is that actively choosing to remain silent and not
participating in stopping the social atrocities that run rampant are the very things that will
plunge the nation into a "spiritual darkness"a time so devoid of morality with the way
humans maltreat their fellow humans based solely on the color of their skin, and the perceived
superiority of those who enact such violence. When people remain complicit with violence and
discrimination, abuse becomes normalized.

It then becomes part and parcel of
daily life, subjecting black communities to irreversible social subjugation until their rights
are so diminished that they are no longer recognized. The power, then, lies in resisting these
forces and systems that perpetuate these injustices by speaking up, pushing back, participating
in demonstrations, and harnessing the power of literature in giving voice to the experiences and
stories of the oppressed. Baldwin warns in Notes of a Native Son
that

[p]eople who shut their eyes to reality
simply invite their own destruction, and anyone who insists on remaining in a state of innocence
long after that innocence is dead turns himself into a monster.

Without a doubt, breaking the silence is the most crucial step to fighting inequality.
Not only does it make people come together and lend them the power to fight for people's rights
during the most intense power struggles, it exists to resonate far beyond its time, in order to
serve the next generations towards building a better nation.

Henry Gates, a
professor of English and Afro-American Literature at Cornell Universoty spoke of James
Baldwin:

[He] educated an entire generation of Americans
about the civil-rights struggle and the sensibility of Afro-Americans as we faced and conquered
the final barriers in our long quest for civil rights.

href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/02/obituaries/james-baldwin-eloquent-writer-in-behalf-of-civil-rights-is-dead.html">https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/02/obituaries/james-baldw...

In "Mirror" by Sylvia Plath, what is an example of figurative language?

byis one
of the great American lyrical poems.  The poems form is . Written in first-person point of view,
the speaker is the mirror.  The theme of the poem speaks to the honesty of the mirror and the
importance of being like the mirror in a persons life: looking at a person with complete
truthfulness.

The figurative language used in the poem begins with the
extendedthat lasts the entire poem.  The poem is divided by stanzas into two distinct aspects of
a mirror: the actual mirror and a lake.

The first stanza begins with the
mirror hanging on a wall reflecting whatever it sees.  It has no choice.  It is not
intentionally cruel when it reveals what it actually sees.  The mirror is truthful.  With the
correct lighting it sees everything like a little god.  The wall across from it is pink and
has become a part of the mirrors heart. When people pass in front of the mirror, it seems as if
the wall is flickering.

In the first verse, there many examples
of figurative language:

The mirror compares itself to a
"little god." This is an example of a metaphor comparing the reflection of the mirror
which reflects everything that it sees to a deity.

is used in the line:
Whatever I see I swallow immediately
Just as it is€¦

This gives the
mirror the ability to swallow as if it were a person.

In stanza
2, the mirror becomes a lake. 

Every morning, a woman looks at
her reflection in the lake.  As time goes by, she no longer likes what she sees.  She uses the
tools of a woman to hide the aging process.

Now I am a
lake. A woman bends over me,
searching my reaches for what she really is.

Then she turns to those liars, the candles or the moon.
I see her back, and
reflect it faithfully

The false compliments are
represented by the dim lighting, moonlight, and the cosmetics. Finally, now when she looks into
the lake, she sees old age coming toward her like a terrible fish.

A metaphor
is used when the mirror compares the false compliments to the light of the moos and the efforts
of the woman to hide her aging with the light of the candles.

Ais used to
compare the mirror as it reflects the aging woman to a "terrible
fish."

In Pygmalion, how is the major conflict resolved? In Pygmalion, how is the major conflict resolved?

The ending of this
excellent play has puzzled many over the years, who find it very ambivalent. Although this play
promises to be a romance, we are given no romantic ending between Eliza and Higgins. Instead,
the conclusion of their relationship is left very open at the end. However, the central theme of
the play revolves around social standing and how it is gained. Eliza has successfully moved from
being a poor flower-girl to acting like "a duchess," yet as Eliza says herself in a
very perspicacious comment, "the difference between a lady and a flower-girl is not how she
behaves, but how she is treated." Self-respect is the key to transformation, and from the
moment that Pickering referred to her as "Miss Doolittle," Eliza's process of
transformation had begun. Respectability, as modelled by the other ladies in the play, is what
Higgins has taught Eliza, and is shown as something that can be taught. Yet self-respect is
something more intrinsic and leads to the development of a free-thinking character that is able
to grow. Eliza by the end of the play has learnt the difference between the two states, and
having learnt both of them, is able to judge between them. Self-respect is shown to be much more
important than respectability, as Eliza's new found confidence
demonstrates.

How did IT die?

 is the first in a
series
of five books by , referred to as the "Time Quintet."

In

the book, Meg Murry, her younger brother Charles Wallace, and her classmate Calvin go on
a
journey to save Mr. Murry, a brilliant scientist and father of the Murry
children. He is on
another planet called Camazotz, where a large, evil,
disembodied brain referred to as IT is
holding him captive and controlling
the minds of everyone on the planet. Charles Wallace at
first tries to defeat
IT with his extraordinary intelligence, but IT takes him instead,
controlling
his body and mind. Meg eventually realizes that hatred and anger make IT
stronger
and that only love will help her save her brother. She uses her love
for Charles Wallace to set
him free from IT's control. I do not believe IT
actually dies in the
book. 

What types of conflict are presented in The Color of Water by James McBride?

Arguably the main conflict in the story is racial conflict. Ruth, a white Jewish woman, chooses
to marry Peter, an African-American man, in defiance of her family's wishes. Ruth's family
cannot accept her choice of husband, and they disown her immediately. Sadly, this was by no
means an uncommon reaction at that time. In those days, people from different races weren't
supposed to associate with each other, let alone fall in love and get married. Yet Ruth has made
the brave decision to follow her...