Why, according to Guns, Germs, and Steel, did some people not develop writing?

In
Chapter 12 of ,discusses the invention of writing. He mentions that it was
invented independently in a small number of places (Mesopotamia, Mesoamerica, China, and Egypt)
and spread either directly (as in cases of conquest) or through a process of idea diffusion,
i.e., people coming into contact with societies that had writing and either adapting writing
systems or creating their own in response.

There are two major reasons why
other societies did not develop writing independently or at an early period. The first has to do
with practicality. Even if a hunter-gatherer or nomadic society encountered the idea of writing,
a mobile society would not be able to carry around an archive of documents even if they wished
to do so. Instead, important cultural information was preserved in oral traditional epic, which
could be stored in people's minds rather than on physical objects.

Next,
only complex settled societies need written records. Land ownership and...