The
continuance and expansion of Roman imperialism began around 260 B.C. with their first war
against their main rival and neighbor Carthage, which was seen as a powerful threat due to their
domination of trade in the Mediterranean Sea. To trade in the Mediterranean as well, the Romans
defeated Carthage after more than 100 years of war called the Punic Wars, ending in 146 B.C.
With that victory, the Romans became the most powerful Mediterranean state, starting their
expansion.
The Romans also had superior military tactics, which contributed
to their European domination. They knew that the further they expanded, the more wealthy Rome
could be. Thus, Rome utilized military tactics such as the Phalanx (borrowed from the Greeks),
the most advanced equipment at the time, and superior training. Roman military culture was
focused on war, even in times of peace, with soldiers often training in one-on-one combat daily
when not at war.
Conquering new lands raises the possibility of uprisings
and...
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