Newton's three
laws are used to describe any motion, including the motion of a car (with a passenger in it) on
a roller coaster.
Newton's first law, also known as the law of
inertia, states that an object will move with a constant velocity (without change in
either speed or direction) unless it is acted on by an unbalanced force. The application of this
law can be experienced while riding a roller coaster. When the car slows down (for example, when
approaching a peak), the passengers in the car fall forward, because they tend to keep moving
with the same velocity. On the other hand, when the car accelerates, the passengers are thrown
backward, as they tend to keep moving with the slower speed.
Newton's second
law describes how the velocity of an object changes if there is an unbalanced force acting on
it. The rate of change of velocity, or acceleration, is proportional to this force and inversely
proportional to the object's mass. For a passenger in the roller coaster's car, the...
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