Solute and
 solvent are the two components of a
            solution.
A solvent is a substance that
 dissolves the
            solute. And the solute is the substance being dissolved.
To
 identify them, take note that if the subtance present in a
            solution undergoes change of state,
 it is the solute. However, if neither of
            them change state, the reagent in smaller amount is the
 solute.
Below are some examples of solutions. The solute and solvent are
            identified.
Example 1: Mix salt and water to form a
            solution.
When salt is dissolved in water, it changes from
            solid to liquid. While the water
 remains as liquid.
Hence,
            in this solution, the salt is the solute and water
 is the solvent.
Example 2: Vinegar
To make a vinegar,
 acetic acid
            and water are mixed together. These two substances are both liquid. And when
            mixed
 together, both of them remains in liquid form. There is no change of
            state. However, the amount
 of acetic acid is smaller compared to that of
            water.
Thus, the acetic acid is
 the solute and the water
            is the solvent.