What are 12 components of non-verbal communication?

People
communicate in both verbal and
non-verbal manners. In fact, most communication is non-verbal and
can come in
a variety of forms. In order to learn to recognize the different forms of
non-verbal
communication, it may help to study an interaction and ask
yourself the following
questions:

1. 
   Spatial proxemics: How
   does a person use the
   space around them? Do they sit close/far away from people? Do they
   gravitate
   to the center of a room or hang out near a wall?
2. 
   
   Interpersonal proxemics: Does a person stand close to other
   people?
   Do they maintain a large distance?
3. 
   Gestures:
   Do they wave with an open hand? Do
   they use head nods or bows?
4. 
   
   Posture: Does a person slouch in their seat? Stand tall
   in
   conversation? Lean to one side toward or away from other
   people?
5. 
   Non-verbal voice
   cues: Does a person speak with a monotone voice?
   Are they
   animated? Do they speak loudly or softly? Fast or slow?
6. 
   
   Non-verbal sounds: Does a person sigh or grunt? Do they
   giggle or
   hum?
7. Interpersonal
   touch: Does a person touch
   other people when they communicate?
   Do they touch people without words?
8. 
   
   Intrapersonal touch: Does a person touch their face or hair
   when
   they talk? Do they fidget with their own hands? Do they play with their
   clothing?


9. Facial
   Expressions: Is the person intentionally
   expressive? Subtly
   expressive? Do they smile and frown or are they stoic?
10. 
    
    Eye contact: Do they maintain too little eye contact? Too
    much? Do
    they have trouble looking at or away from people?


11. 
    Objects: Does a person use objects in
    communication? Do they hold
    an object as an extension of themselves (for
    instance, a phone or a cane)?
12. 
    Use of
    body: Does a person clap, snap, or pop their joints? Do they
    
    use sound to communicate?