Saturday, August 9, 2014

What were the main points of Allied military strategy in Europe?

allied military
strategy for Europe: Churchill and Roosevelt and their advisers met in Washington in late 1941. 
They decided that they must fiirst make a big effort at defeating Germany, then they would
tackle Japan.

The American army leaders had a tradition of massing man-power
and going on the offensive, so they intended to do this as soon as they could stabilize the
southwestern Pacific.  They wanted to make a huge cross-channel invasion of Europe from
Britain.

The Allies could not have enough ships to invade Europe before
spring of 1942, so they planned to bomb Germany until then and send war materials to the Soviet
armies fighting Germany in Russia.

Shipping proved to be insufficient to
simultaneously supply Russia, supply British forces fighting German forces in the Middle-East,
and also build up an invasion force in Britain sufficient to invade Europe by 1942, so a plan
was made to invade North Africa in 1942, and this was done.

Churchill wanted
to keep eating away at Germany from the Mediterranian: Africa, Sicily, Italy, and so on--a war
of attrition--until Germany was weak, then invade across the Channel.  American army commanders
wanted to make a huge cross-channel invasion of Europe--a war of mass and concentration--as soon
as possible.  In 1943, the Allies approved a round-the-clock bombing campaign against Germany,
but made no definite plan for a cross-channel invasion other than to agree to do it
someday.

At the Tehran Conference between Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill,
held at the end of 1943, a final blueprint for allied victory in Europe took shape.  During the
summer of 1944 there would be a huge-cross channel invasion of Europe and a smaller invasion of
southern France, and at the same time Russia would launch an all out offensive on its front with
Germany.  Germany would be crushed between the jaws of a gigantic vice applied from west and
east.

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